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Digital Legal Entity (DLE) Blockchain Integration

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Smart Contract Architecture
  3. DLE Core Contract
  4. Module System
  5. Multichain Architecture
  6. Voting (Governance) System
  7. Smart Contract Deployment
  8. Wallet Authentication
  9. Frontend Integration
  10. Security
  11. Practical Examples

Introduction

Digital Legal Entity (DLE) uses blockchain for tokenized governance (similar to a blockchain-based joint-stock company) and transparent decision-making via smart contracts.

Why Blockchain in DLE?

  1. Governance like a joint-stock company — decisions by token holders through on-chain voting
  2. Transparency — all votes and operations recorded on blockchain
  3. Censorship resistance — smart contract enforces token holder rights
  4. Immutability — decision history cannot be altered
  5. Multichain support — operation across multiple chains

DLE Governance Model

Aspect Implementation
Voting Token holders (as shareholders)
Quorum 51%+ of tokens to pass decisions
Asset distribution Via voting (as in JSC)
Parameter changes Via token holder voting
Application code Proprietary (author)
Updates Author develops; token holders vote on priorities

Supported Blockchains

DLE works with EVM-compatible networks: Ethereum (mainnet & testnets), Polygon, Arbitrum, BSC, Base, and others.

Smart Contract Architecture

DLE ecosystem: DLE Core Contract (ERC20Votes, tokens, proposals, multichain) ↔ Modules (HierarchicalVotingModule, TreasuryModule, TimelockModule) ↔ DLEReader (batch reads, RPC optimization).

Standards: OpenZeppelin ERC20, ERC20Votes, ERC20Permit, ReentrancyGuard, ECDSA.

DLE Core Contract

File: backend/contracts/DLE.sol

Structures: DLEInfo (name, symbol, location, coordinates, jurisdiction, okvedCodes, kpp, creationTimestamp, isActive), Proposal (id, description, forVotes, againstVotes, executed, canceled, deadline, initiator, operation, governanceChainId, targetChains, snapshotTimepoint, hasVoted).

Main Features

  • Governance tokens (ERC20): 1 token = 1 vote; transfers disabled (only via governance); EIP-712 for meta-transactions.
  • Voting (ERC20Votes): snapshots (flash-loan protection), votes from past block, optional delegation.
  • Multichain: same address across chains (deterministic deploy); voting on one chain; execution on target chains.
  • Modules: mapping(bytes32 => address) modules, activeModules; add/remove only via voting.

Operations Available via Voting

_addModule, _removeModule, _addSupportedChain, _removeSupportedChain, _transferTokens, _updateDLEInfo, _updateQuorumPercentage, _updateVotingDurations.

Module System

1. HierarchicalVotingModule

DLE can hold tokens of other DLEs and vote in them. Functions: addExternalDLE, createProposalInExternalDLE, voteInExternalDLE.

2. TreasuryModule

Treasury and asset management. transferTokens(token, recipient, amount) only callable by DLE contract. getTokenBalance(token).

3. TimelockModule

Delayed execution (timelock), cancel before execution. scheduleProposal(proposalId, operation, delay), executeTimelockProposal(operationHash).

4. DLEReader

Batch read: getDLEFullInfo(dleAddress), getAllProposals(dleAddress).

Multichain Architecture

Deterministic deploy: same address on all chains. Voting on one chain (governance chain); execution on target chains via executeWithSignatures(proposalId, operationHash, signers, signatures).

Voting (Governance) System

createProposal(description, duration, operation, chainId, targetChains, initiator) — returns proposalId.

vote(proposalId, support) — true = For, false = Against.

execute(proposalId) — when deadline passed, quorum reached, For > Against, not executed.

Quorum: quorumPercentage of totalSupply; change only via voting.

Smart Contract Deployment

Script: backend/scripts/deploy/deploy-multichain.js — multichain deploy, deterministic address, verification, retry, nonce management. Run: yarn deploy:multichain.

Modules: backend/scripts/deploy/deploy-modules.js — yarn deploy:modules. Config in DB (settings: supported_chain_ids, rpc_providers, dle_config). Verification via Etherscan API; supported: Etherscan, Polygonscan, Arbiscan, BSCScan, Basescan.

Wallet Authentication

SIWE (Sign-In with Ethereum): request nonce → sign message in wallet → POST signature → backend verifies signature and token balance → session created. getUserAccessLevel(address) from contract balance and thresholds (editor, readonly).

Frontend Integration

Connect wallet (MetaMask/WalletConnect), sign SIWE message, authenticateWithWallet. getDLEContract, createProposal, voteOnProposal, getProposal. Vue component example for proposal card and vote buttons.

Security

See DLE Security. Summary: ReentrancyGuard, transfers disabled, vote snapshots, EIP-712, parameter validation, custom errors.

Practical Examples

See Blockchain for Business. Technical scenarios: multichain deploy, adding modules, hierarchical voting, treasury management.

Conclusion

Blockchain in DLE provides: governance like a JSC, full transparency, multichain support, modular design, OpenZeppelin-based security.

Resources

Contacts: https://hb3-accelerator.com/ | info@hb3-accelerator.com | https://github.com/VC-HB3-Accelerator

© 2024-2025 Alexander Viktorovich Tarabanov. All rights reserved.

Last updated: October 2025